🌊 Ripple · counterfactual
What if the Suez Canal opens had gone differently?
1869 · middle-east
A sea-level ditch cuts weeks off the Europe–Asia route and rewires world trade.
If it had gone differently: Asia stays a long way round the Cape; European empires in the east are looser and slower to supply.
What it set up
- 1868The Meiji Restoration, Japan stays closed and agrarian; the idea that a non-Western state can industrialise fast has no example.
- 1870The first globalisation, The world economy stays a patchwork of regions; no belle-époque boom, and no 1914 shock when it unwinds.
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