What if the rise of Islam had gone differently?

Within a century of Muhammad, a new faith and a new empire stretch from Iberia to India.

If it had gone differently: Arabia stays tribal and divided; the state that will carry Greek learning, algebra and trade across three continents never rises.

The real history on Wikipedia ↗

Later turning points that leaned on the rise of Islam. Change it in the game and the ripples reach all of these.

1. 800The House of Wisdom. Without it, Greek mathematics, medicine and astronomy are never translated and preserved; much of it is simply lost.
2. 1096The Crusades. Without it, Western Europe stays inward-looking; the appetite for spices and silk that will send ships around Africa never develops.
3. 1450The rise of the Ottoman Empire. Without it, The eastern Mediterranean stays contested and open; no single power can tax or close the road to the East.
4. 1492The completion of the Reconquista. Without it, Spain stays preoccupied at home; there is no unified, militant, cash-strapped crown looking for a gamble across the ocean.