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🌊 Ripple · counterfactual

What if the first oil wells had gone differently?

1859 · north-america

Drilled petroleum turns a curiosity into the cheapest dense energy ever tapped.

If it had gone differently: The world runs on coal and whale oil; there is no cheap liquid fuel waiting for the engine that needs it.

What it set up
  1. 1870The first globalisation, The world economy stays a patchwork of regions; no belle-époque boom, and no 1914 shock when it unwinds.
  2. 1876The internal combustion engine, Transport stays horse-drawn or rail-bound; there is no car, no truck, no aircraft engine, no 20th-century sprawl.
  3. 1913The moving assembly line, Cars, appliances and machines stay hand-built and expensive; there is no mass consumer economy.

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