🌊 Ripple · counterfactual
What if the Enlightenment had gone differently?
1720 · france
Reason, rights and progress become the vocabulary of educated Europe.
If it had gone differently: Absolutism keeps its intellectual cover; 'rights of man' never enters common speech.
What it set up
- 1776The American Revolution, British North America stays British; no early proof that a large republic can work.
- 1789The French Revolution, The Bourbons reform slowly from above; Europe's old order bends instead of breaking.
- 1796Jenner's smallpox vaccine, Smallpox keeps culling children into the 20th century; the very idea of a vaccine arrives late.
- 1820Latin American independence, Spain's American empire holds; the idea that a colony can simply declare itself a nation loses its second great proof.
- 1833Britain abolishes slavery, The biggest naval power keeps slavery legal; abolition loses its first state sponsor and stalls for decades.
- 1870Compulsory mass schooling, Literacy and numeracy stay patchy; the workforce and the electorate of 1900 look much like 1800's.
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